On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top salmon and broccoli bake the page across from the article title. This article is about a particular kind of fish.

For the food, see Salmon as food. Salmon are important food fish and are intensively farmed in many parts of the world, with Norway being the world’s largest producer of farmed salmon, followed by Chile. Anglo-Norman:saumon, from Old French: saumon, from Latin: salmō. The unpronounced “l” absent from Middle English was later added as a Latinisation to make the word closer to its Latin root. The term “salmon” comes from the Latin salmo, which in turn might have originated from salire, meaning “to leap”.

The seven commercially important species of salmon occur in two genera. Both the Salmo and Oncorhynchus genera also contain a number of species referred to as trout. Within Salmo, additional minor taxa have been called salmon in English, i. Also, there are several other species which are not true salmon, as in the above list but have common names which refer to them as being salmon. Eosalmo driftwoodensis, the oldest known Salmoninae fish in the fossil record, helps scientists figure how the different species of salmon diverged from a common ancestor. United States as king salmon or blackmouth salmon, and as spring salmon in British Columbia. Pacific Ocean in Japan, Korea, and Russia.

Alaska, are found in the western Pacific from Lena River in Siberia to Korea, found throughout northern Pacific, and in the eastern Pacific from the Mackenzie River in Canada to northern California, usually in shorter coastal streams. Eggs in different stages of development: In some, only a few cells grow on top of the yolk, in the lower right, the blood vessels surround the yolk, and in the upper left, the black eyes are visible, even the little lens. Salmon fry hatching—the baby has grown around the remains of the yolk—visible are the arteries spinning around the yolk and small oil drops, also the gut, the spine, the main caudal blood vessel, the bladder, and the arcs of the gills. Salmon eggs are laid in freshwater streams typically at high latitudes. The eggs hatch into alevin or sac fry.

The fry quickly develop into parr with camouflaging vertical stripes. The parr stay for six months to three years in their natal stream before becoming smolts, which are distinguished by their bright, silvery colour with scales that are easily rubbed off. The smolt body chemistry changes, allowing them to live in salt water. The adult salmon then return primarily to their natal streams to spawn. Atlantic salmon spend between one and four years at sea.

When a fish returns after just one year’s sea feeding, it is called a grilse in Canada, Britain, and Ireland. Grilse may be present at spawning, and go unnoticed by large males, releasing their own sperm on the eggs. Prior to spawning, depending on the species, salmon undergo changes. All change from the silvery blue of a fresh-run fish from the sea to a darker colour.

Salmon can make amazing journeys, sometimes moving hundreds of miles upstream against strong currents and rapids to reproduce. The redd may sometimes contain 5,000 eggs covering 2. The eggs usually range from orange to red. Each year, the fish experiences a period of rapid growth, often in summer, and one of slower growth, normally in winter. Freshwater streams and estuaries provide important habitat for many salmon species. Their bodies rapidly deteriorate right after they spawn as a result of the release of massive amounts of corticosteroids.

The parr lose their camouflage bars and become smolt as they become ready for the transition to the ocean. As adults, salmon eat a variety of other sea creatures, including smaller fish such as lanternfish, herrings, sand lances, and barracudina. They also eat krill, squid, and polychaete worms. In the Pacific Northwest and Alaska, salmon are keystone species, supporting wildlife such as birds, bears and otters. Grizzly bears function as ecosystem engineers, capturing salmon and carrying them into adjacent wooded areas. There they deposit nutrient-rich urine and feces and partially eaten carcasses. Beaver ponds can provide critical habitat for juvenile salmon.

An example of this was seen in the years following 1818 in the Columbia River Basin. In 1818, the British government made an agreement with the U. Beavers’ dams are able to nurture salmon juveniles in estuarine tidal marshes where the salinity is less than 10 ppm. These dams can be overtopped at high tide and hold water at low tide. It has been discovered that rivers which have seen a decline or disappearance of anadromous lampreys, loss of the lampreys also affects the salmon in a negative way.

Like salmon, anadromous lampreys stop feeding and die after spawning, and their decomposing bodies release nutrients into the stream. According to Canadian biologist Dorothy Kieser, the myxozoan parasite Henneguya salminicola is commonly found in the flesh of salmonids. It has been recorded in the field samples of salmon returning to the Haida Gwaii Islands. Henneguya and other parasites in the myxosporean group have complex life cycles, where the salmon is one of two hosts.

The fish releases the spores after spawning. In the Henneguya case, the spores enter a second host, most likely an invertebrate, in the spawning stream. When juvenile salmon migrate to the Pacific Ocean, the second host releases a stage infective to salmon. Kieser, a lot of work on Henneguya salminicola was done by scientists at the Pacific Biological Station in Nanaimo in the mid-1980s, in particular, an overview report which states, “the fish that have the longest fresh water residence time as juveniles have the most noticeable infections. According to Klaus Schallie, Molluscan Shellfish Program Specialist with the Canadian Food Inspection Agency, “Henneguya salminicola is found in southern B. Sea lice, particularly Lepeophtheirus salmonis and various Caligus species, including C. The risk of injury caused by underwater pile driving has been studied by Dr.